Lesson # 651 From Holy Qur’aan
Revelation
Regarding the Oaths
‘Al-Maaa-‘idah (the
Table Spread) – Chapter – 5)–Stage
- 2
Verses
– 89 of 120, Section – 12 of 16 (Part - 7)
BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of Allaah,
the Beneficent, the Merciful
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Allaah will not take you to task for that which is
unintentional in your oaths, but He will take you to task for the oaths which
ye swear in earnest. So the expiation thereof is the feeding of ten of the
needy with the average of that wherewith ye feed your own folk, or the
clothing of them, or the liberation of a slave. But for him who findeth not
(the wherewithal to do so) then a three days’ fast. This is the expiation of
your oaths when ye have sworn. And keep your oaths. Thus Allaah expoundeth unto you His Revelations in order that ye may
give thanks.
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Laa yu-‘aakhizu-kumUllaahu bil-lagwi
fiii ‘ay-maanikum wa
laakiny-yu-‘aakhizukum-
bimaa ‘aqqattu-mul-‘ay-maan. Fa-kaffaara-tuhuuu ‘it-‘aamu
‘asharati masaa-kiina min ‘aw-sati maa
tut-‘imuuna ‘ahliikum ‘aw
kiswatuhum ‘aw tah-riiru
raqabah. Famallam yajid
fa-Siyaamu salaasati ‘ayyaam.
Zaalika kaffaaratu ‘aymaanikum
‘izaa halaftum. Wah-fazuuu
‘ay-maanakum. Kazaalika yu-bayyi-nUllaahu lakum
‘Aayaa-tihii la-‘allakum tash-kuruun.
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Lesson
Laa yu-‘aakhizu – {will
not take (you) to task}, it has been derived from mu-‘aakhizah. ‘Akhaz
means ‘to arrest, to support, seizure’. Mu-‘aakhizah
means ‘to call to account, categorical answer, to punish’. Lagwun – (useless, absurd), the
deed, done unintentionally). ‘Ay-maanu - (Oaths),
it is plural of yamiin. As per Arabic
language it means ‘oath’. ‘Aqqattum – (you swear in earnest), it is from ta’-qiid, which is made from ‘aqdah. ‘Aqdah is used for ‘a knot’. Ta’-qiid
means to tie a knot, to strengthen. So it aims ‘to swear intentionally’. Kaffaaratun – the deeds, which has to be done as
a punishment against any evil, so that the evil may be removed. It should also
be kept in mind that it is a method of getting liberation from any restriction,
which has been prescribed by Allaah
Almighty. Halaftum
– (you have sworn), it is from halaf,
which means ‘an oath’.
It was a form of making good
things as unlawful. The people used to swear. If anyone swears that he/she will
not do any particular work, then he/she cannot do that. And if someone breaks
the oath, then he/she would have to suffer, which is called ‘Expiation of the
Oath’.
There is no seizure against any
unintentional oath. But it is compulsory to fulfill the oath, which is sworn
intentionally. If someone breaks this kind of oath, he/she would have to pay
the expiation i.e. (a) either
he/she would have to feed ten needy persons with the
average of that wherewith one feeds one’s own folk, (either causing them to sit down collectively or pay any poor
equal to Sadqa-i-Fitr of ten members
of the family), (b) or give the clothing to ten indigent people (which should be
as sufficient that the needy may cover maximum part of one’s body {a set of shirt
and trousers or a colored cloth worn as a dhoti
(Lungi) and a sheet}, and or (c) set
a slave/maid free.
The above mentioned expiation is
for those people, who have so much wealth that the poor-due becomes incumbent
on them to be paid after passing one year with the wealth. Such person is
called ‘a possessor of a property/a holder of capital’ (Saahib-e-Nissab). But the person, who is not Saahib-e-Nissab, expiation of oath for him is that he/she should
keep a three days’ fast. It is commanded that “This is the method of coming out
and obtaining liberation from your oaths if you have sworn (intentionally). Without
paying expiation of the oaths, you would have to remain bound of your oaths. So
you should think deeply before swearing.
The scholars of the religion have
told that it is bad to abstain from the thing, which is lawful clearly. 1.
To put oneself in difficulties, to give up good food and good clothing
for becoming a worshipper of God Almighty and devotee, is called ‘Priest-hood’,
which is not liked in Islam. 2.
Someone swears in anger that he would never do any such work which is
lawful in accord with Divine precepts of the religion. It is also against
Islam.
Its expiation should be paid properly;
otherwise, its punctuality will be compulsory. Then Allaah Almighty commands: To facilitate you, Allaah Almighty expounds to you His all Revelations. So be thankful
to Him because He has established a Path for your easiness.
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